Nicaragua

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PropertyTypeValueUnitRankEmpirical methodDateComparison
Birth ratePopulation property22.77Per 1000 Inhabitants77Estimation2010Birth rate
Death ratePopulation property4.28Per 1000 Inhabitants205Estimation2010Death rate
Infant Mortality RateHealth property24.16Per 1000 Live Births88Estimation2010Infant Mortality Rate
Life Expectancy at BirthPopulation property71.78Years129Estimation2010Life Expectancy at Birth
Net Migration RatePopulation property-1.09Per 1000 Inhabitants122Estimation2010Net Migration Rate
Population growth ratePopulation property1.74Percent72Estimation2010Population growth rate
Total Fertility RatePopulation property2.51Born per Woman90Estimation2010Total Fertility Rate
Electricity productionEconomic property3286Gigawatt hour122EstimationElectricity production
Natural gas consumptionEconomic property01 Mil. Cubic metre155EstimationNatural gas consumption
Natural gas productionEconomic property01 Mil. Cubic metre154EstimationNatural gas production
GDP growth rateEconomic property-2.90Percent161EstimationGDP growth rate
GDP - per capita (PPP)Economic property2800Dollar169EstimationGDP - per capita (PPP)
GDPEconomic property16510Million dollar131EstimationGDP
Industrial production growth rateEconomic property-6.00Percent114EstimationIndustrial production growth rate
Inflation rateEconomic property4.30Percent133EstimationInflation rate
Oil consumptionEconomic property291000 Barrel per day114EstimationOil consumption
Oil productionEconomic property01000 Barrel per day152EstimationOil production
Unemployment rateEconomic property5.90Percent56EstimationUnemployment rate
AreaGeo property130370Square kilometer97Area
HIV/AIDS - Adult Prevalence RateHealth property0.20Percent106HIV/AIDS - Adult Prevalence Rate
HIV/AIDS - deathsHealth property50090HIV/AIDS - deaths
People living with HIV/AIDSHealth property7700114People living with HIV/AIDS
Population sizePopulation property5995928107Population size
Organisation / GroupAimstatus
Latin American Integration Associationto promote freer regional tradeobserver
Central American Bank for Economic Integrationto promote economic integration and development
Central American Common Marketto promote establishment of a Central American Common Market
Food and Agriculture Organizationto raise living standards and increase availability of agricultural products;a UN specialized agency
Group of 77to promote economic cooperation among developing countries;name persists in spite of increased membership
Inter-American Development Bankto promote economic and social development in Latin America
International Atomic Energy Agencyto promote peaceful uses of atomic energy
International Bank for Reconstruction and Developmentto provide economic development loans;a UN specialized agency
International Civil Aviation Organizationto promote international cooperation in civil aviation;a UN specialized agency
International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movementto promote worldwide humanitarian aid through the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in wartime, and International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS;formerly League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies or LORCS) in peacetime
International Development Associationto provide economic loans for low-income countries;UN specialized agency and IBRD affiliate
International Fund for Agricultural Developmentto promote agricultural development;a UN specialized agency
International Finance Corporationto support private enterprise in international economic development;a UN specialized agency and IBRD affiliate
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societiesto organize, coordinate, and direct international relief actions;to promote humanitarian activities;to represent and encourage the development of National Societies;to bring help to victims of armed conflicts, refugees, and displaced people;to reduce the vulnerability of people through development programs
International Labor Organizationto deal with world labor issues;a UN specialized agency
International Monetary Fundto promote world monetary stability and economic development;a UN specialized agency
International Maritime Organizationto deal with international maritime affairs;a UN specialized agency
International Criminal Police Organizationto promote international cooperation among police authorities in fighting crime
International Olympic Committeeto promote the Olympic ideals and administer the Olympic games: 2012 Summer Olympics in London, UK;2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia
International Organization for Migrationto facilitate orderly international emigration and immigration
Inter-Parliamentary Unionfosters contacts among parliamentarians, considers and expresses views of international interest and concern with the purpose of bringing about action by parliaments and parliamentarians, contributes to the defense and promotion of human rights, contributes to better knowledge of representative institutions
International Telecommunications Satellites Organizationto act as a watchdog over Intelsat, Ltd., a private company, to make sure it provides on a global and non-discriminatory basis public telecommunication services
International Telecommunication Unionto deal with world telecommunications issues;a UN specialized agency
International Trade Union Confederationto promote the trade union movement
Latin American Economic Systemto promote economic and social development through regional cooperation
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agencyencourages flow of foreign direct investment among member countries by offering investment insurance, consultation, and negotiation on conditions for foreign investment and technical assistance;a UN specialized agency
Nonaligned Movementto establish political and military cooperation apart from the traditional East or West blocs
Organization of American Statesto promote regional peace and security as well as economic and social development
Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbeanto encourage the peaceful uses of atomic energy and prohibit nuclear weapons
Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weaponsto enforce the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling, and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction;to provide a forum for consultation and cooperation among the signatories of the Convention
Permanent Court of Arbitrationto facilitate the settlement of international disputes
PetroCaribeto eliminate existing social inequities, to foster high standards of living, to promote effective people's participation in shaping their own destiny
Rio Groupto consult on regional Latin American issues
Central American Integration Systemto strengthen democracy;to set up a new model of regional security;to promote freedom;to achieve a regional system of welfare and economic and social justice;to attain economic unity and strengthen the area as an economic bloc;to act as a bloc in international matters
United Nationsto maintain international peace and security and to promote cooperation involving economic, social, cultural, and humanitarian problems
United Nations Conference on Trade and Developmentto promote international trade
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organizationto promote cooperation in education, science, and culture
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugeesto ensure the humanitarian treatment of refugees and find permanent solutions to refugee problems
United Nations Industrial Development OrganizationUN specialized agency that promotes industrial development especially among the members
Union Latinato project, protect, and promote the common heritage and unifying identities of the Latin, and Latin-influenced, world
World Tourism Organizationto promote tourism as a means of contributing to economic development, international understanding, and peace
Universal Postal Unionto promote international postal cooperation;a UN specialized agency
World Customs Organizationto promote international cooperation in customs matters
World Federation of Trade Unionsto promote the trade union movement
World Health Organizationto deal with health matters worldwide;a UN specialized agency
World Intellectual Property Organizationto furnish protection for literary, artistic, and scientific works;a UN specialized agency
World Meteorological Organizationto sponsor meteorological cooperation;a UN specialized agency
World Trade Organizationto provide a forum to resolve trade conflicts between members and to carry on negotiations with the goal of further lowering and/or eliminating tariffs and other trade barriers

Names

Description

The Pacific coast of Nicaragua was settled as a Spanish colony from Panama in the early 16th century. Independence from Spain was declared in 1821 and the country became an independent republic in 1838. Britain occupied the Caribbean Coast in the first half of the 19th century, but gradually ceded control of the region in subsequent decades. Violent opposition to governmental manipulation and corruption spread to all classes by 1978 and resulted in a short-lived civil war that brought the Marxist Sandinista guerrillas to power in 1979. Nicaraguan aid to leftist rebels in El Salvador caused the US to sponsor anti-Sandinista contra guerrillas through much of the 1980s. Free elections in 1990, 1996, and 2001, saw the Sandinistas defeated, but voting in 2006 announced the return of former Sandinista President Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra. The 2008 municipal elections were characterized by widespread irregularities. Nicaragua's infrastructure and economy - hard hit by the earlier civil war and by Hurricane Mitch in 1998 - are slowly being rebuilt, but democratic institutions face new challenges under the ORTEGA administration.

Government type

republic

Religions

Roman Catholic 58.5%, Evangelical 21.6%, Moravian 1.6%, Jehovah's Witness 0.9%, other 1.7%, none 15.7% (2005 census)

Natural Resources

gold, silver, copper, tungsten, lead, zinc, timber, fish

Export commodities

coffee, beef, shrimp and lobster, tobacco, sugar, gold, peanuts;textiles and apparel